जर्मनीमध्ये रूग्णालयात जंतूमुळे मृत्यूची संख्या | मल्टिरेसिस्टंट हॉस्पिटलचे जंतू

जर्मनीमध्ये रुग्णालयाच्या जंतूमुळे मृत्यूची संख्या

Every year in Germany about 500,000 patients are infected with hospital जंतू. Some of these pathogens are multiresistant and therefore difficult to treat with प्रतिजैविक. The number of deaths in Germany from hospital जंतू is approximately 15,000 per year.

According to a study, the number of deaths and approximately 2.6 million infections per year in Europe is 91,000. The most common infections are wound infections, urinary tract infections, न्युमोनिया आणि रक्त poisoning (sepsis). About one third of these infections are considered preventable, e.g. through stricter hygiene measures.

What’s MRSA?

एमआरएसए means methicillin-resistant स्टॅफिलोकोकस ऑरियस or multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This germ was discovered in 1961 and is now considered a classic multi-resistant pathogen. It is a variant of स्टॅफिलोकोकस ऑरियस, a representative of the स्टेफिलोकोसी, जे आहेत जीवाणू.

स्टॅफिलोकोकस ऑरियस occurs almost everywhere in nature and in humans mainly on the skin and the mucous membranes of the तोंड, नाक and throat. As a rule, Staphylococcus aureus does not cause any symptoms in humans. However, weakness of the रोगप्रतिकार प्रणाली or other factors that promote the spread of the bacterium can cause symptoms, such as skin inflammation, muscle diseases, न्युमोनिया, wound infections, and even रक्त विषबाधा (सेप्सिस).

If resistance to several different प्रतिजैविक (एमआरएसए) develops, it is difficult to eliminate the pathogens. एमआरएसए can therefore become a problem for other people or patients through transmission to other people or patients, especially if there is an immune deficiency. and Staphylococcus aureus.

एईआर म्हणजे काय?

AER means vancomycin-resistant enterococci. It is usually a variant of the bacterium Enterococcus faecium with resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin. Vancomycin is used as a reserve antibiotic.

This means that it is only used for pathogens with resistance to other प्रतिजैविक such as MRSA, or for serious infections where the antibiotic’s effect must be certain, such as मेंदुच्या वेष्टनाचा दाह. The use in simple infections would lead to a faster development of resistance of जीवाणू against vancomycin and is therefore not considered. Enterococcus faecium is part of the healthy आतड्यांसंबंधी वनस्पती in humans and can lead to complaints such as urinary tract infections or even रक्त poisoning (sepsis) when leaking from the intestine. The vancomycin-resistant Enterococci lead to infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Since AERs are often resistant to other antibiotics in addition to vancomycin, it is a problematic germ that can be difficult to eliminate.

What is the transmission path of hospital germs?

The most common transmission route of hospital जंतू is through direct skin contact with a contaminated person. This can be done either directly from patient to patient or via the nursing staff and doctors, during activities such as taking blood samples, serving food and changing bandages. Since transmission occurs in most cases via the hands, regular disinfection of the hands is an important preventive measure.

Another transmission route is contact with objects and surfaces previously contaminated with the pathogens. Objects that are frequently used by several different people, such as door handles or tables, are particularly affected. A preventive measure against the transmission of germs in this way is the regular disinfection of these objects and surfaces. Airborne transmission is a so-called थेंब संक्रमण, in which the pathogens reach surfaces or other people directly, e.g. by sneezing or coughing. A preventive measure against this transmission path is the wearing of a तोंड रक्षक.